The development and implementation of effective rabies control programmes are crucial to reduce the public health and economic burden of rabies, however, they are a major challenge for many countries.

In this regard, collaboration with human health authorities, under a One Health approach is crucial to their success. These measures need to be implemented alongside access to human medical care and post-bite treatments. To improve the understanding of the risks related to rabies, as well as how to prevent them This means that low-income countries are disproportionately affected by the disease. Most deaths from rabies, both in humans and animals, are due to inadequate access to public health resources and preventative treatment. Although it has been eliminated in Western Europe, North America, Japan, South Korea and parts of Latin America, the viral disease is still present in large parts of Africa and Asia. The incubation period may vary from several weeks to several months, but once rabies symptoms appear the disease is invariably fatal both in animals and humans.įor over 4,000 years, rabies has plagued almost every corner of the world and much effort has been made towards its elimination. Within days, signs can progress to cerebral dysfunction, ataxia, weakness and paralysis, breathing and swallowing difficulties, excessive salivation, abnormal behaviour, aggressivity and/or self-mutilation. The symptoms may be nonspecific at first, but include lethargy, fever, vomiting and anorexia.

A high presence in wildlife species can create multiple opportunities for cross-species transmission, mostly affecting domestic animals and humans.Īs it can pass between animals and humans, rabies is a zoonotic disease (or a zoonosis). Bats also represent an important reservoir in certain regions. The rabies virus is particularly present in the saliva and brain of infected animals, most commonly dogs, and is transmitted by a bite. Rabies is a viral disease that affects the central nervous system of mammals (dogs, cats, foxes etc.), including humans.

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